- Musicians promotional films showed in cinemas as TV's weren't popular
- People started to rent and buy TV's, became main form of entertainment
- Transistor radios
- Proliferation of hardware
- TV
- Radio
They performed on the Ed Sullivan Show in the USA, it was watched by 85 million people, played 3 songs.
In the following weeks they had 5 top spots in the charts.
After becoming this successful they no longer needed to make films, instead made short, promotional films.
The Beatles - Paperback Writer
- performance - lip syncing and instruments
- close-ups
- editing
- film made for TV
- one hour
- Shown on boxing day
- TV's were in black and white so the colour film did not show
- They expressed ideas against the establishment
- Montage editing, band in a medium long shot, also close-ups
The Beatles - Hello, Goodbye - 1967
- curtain - signifies performance
- goes from black and white to colour
- first edit at 18 seconds
- poor framing, cuts off head
- imitation of Elvis Presley, cultural sign
- montage editing at the end, which makes it more interesting
The first music video on tape: Queen - Bohemian Rhapsody - 1970's - when the song was originally released it didn't do so we'll, but after the release of the video the song spent 9 weeks at No 1, it was played on the radio and the video was shown on pop shows like Top of the Pops.
- performance elements
- as if in concert
- lights
- instruments
- camera movement
- band movement
- editing effects
- dry ice
- close-ups, low angle
Madonna - Vogue
- camera movement
- dance sequences
- fast paced editing
- lip syncing
- close-ups
- lip syncing
- iconography taken from old Hollywood, e.g Marilyn Monroe
- dances in the video became cultural phenomenon's
- subverting audience expectations
- violence
- not a typical narrative
- Hollywood actor - Christopher Walken
- Dance sequence
- No band performance
- Meant to be memorable
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